Study Guide

Section 3: Test Summary and Framework
WEST–E Designated World Languages: Latin (101)

The Washington Educator Skills Tests–Endorsements (WEST–E) are designed to measure a candidate's knowledge of the subject-area content contained in the test framework for each field. All WEST–E tests are fully aligned with the state's teacher endorsement competencies and, as applicable, the Essential Academic Learning Requirements.

Test Summary

This test summary describes general testing information as well as the approximate percentage of the total test score derived from each content domain. The test framework, organized by content domain, contains the objectives that define the content for the test.

Test Framework

Reading Comprehension and Analysis

Objective 0001: Demonstrate literal comprehension of Latin prose and poetry.

For example:

• identifying the main idea of a passage
• identifying significant supporting details in a passage
• identifying common figures of speech, rhetorical devices, and features of style (e.g., metaphor, simile, imagery, anaphors, chiasmus) in a passage
• identifying meter (e.g., hendecasyllabic, dactylic hexameter) and metrical elements (e.g., trochee, spondee, dactyl) in a passage of poetry
• recognizing a stated cause-and-effect relationship or sequence of events in a passage
• selecting an appropriate summary of a passage

Objective 0002: Apply skills of inference to Latin prose and poetry.

For example:

• drawing conclusions based on information presented in a passage
• predicting the outcome of a situation described in a passage
• inferring an author's tone or mood in a passage
• inferring the theme, purpose, or intended audience of a passage

Objective 0003: Apply skills of analysis to Latin prose and poetry.

For example:

• determining the cultural or political context of a passage
• analyzing an author's point of view in a passage
• analyzing the structure of an author's argument in a passage
• analyzing the role or effect of figures of speech, rhetorical devices, and features of style in a passage
• analyzing the role of organizational structures (e.g., word order, word choice, sentence length) in a passage

Objective 0004: Select an appropriate English translation of a short Latin passage.

For example:

• choosing the correct translation of a short passage of Latin prose
• choosing the correct translation of a short passage of Latin poetry

Language Structures and Comparisons

Objective 0005: Understand Latin structures in context.

For example:

• identifying forms (i.e., case, number, gender, person, tense, voice, mood) in a passage
• analyzing grammatical structures (e.g., agreement, sequence of tenses, indirect statement or question) in a passage
• selecting an equivalent construction to express the meaning of a clause in a passage (e.g., to express purpose, cause, or time)

Objective 0006: Apply knowledge of the linguistic structures of Latin.

For example:

• selecting the grammatically correct form (e.g., verb, adjective, noun, pronoun) or phrase to complete a sentence
• selecting an appropriate construction to complete a sentence or short passage
• transforming sentences or short passages according to given instructions (e.g., transforming the tense or mood of verbs in a sentence or passage)
• selecting the single sentence that correctly combines two sentences and preserves the meaning of the original sentences (e.g., expressing a causal or temporal relationship between two sentences through use of a subordinate clause)
• selecting corrections to grammatical or syntactic errors in a sentence or short passage

Objective 0007: Understand the connections between Latin and English.

For example:

• comparing and contrasting the linguistic structures of Latin and English
• relating English words to their Latin root(s)
• identifying the Latin origins of English prefixes and suffixes
• demonstrating an understanding of the meanings of common words or phrases borrowed from Latin (e.g., quid pro quo)

Cultural Understanding

Objective 0008: Understand major developments in the history of Roman culture.

For example:

• demonstrating knowledge of major political, economic, social, and cultural trends and developments that shaped Roman culture
• analyzing the role of major historical events and key eras in Roman culture
• analyzing the role of major figures in the history of Roman culture
• identifying important geographic features of the Roman world
• recognizing the relationship between Latin language and Roman culture
• demonstrating knowledge of ways in which Roman culture has influenced later cultures

Objective 0009: Understand the products and perspectives of Roman culture.

For example:

• demonstrating knowledge of major classical Latin writers, works, and genres, and ways in which Latin literature reflected the perspectives of Roman culture
• demonstrating knowledge of major works, achievements, characteristic forms, and key periods in the visual arts, architecture, and technology of Roman culture and ways in which they reflect the perspectives of Roman culture
• demonstrating knowledge of products used in daily life in Roman culture (e.g., food products, household items) and ways in which they reflect the perspectives of Roman culture
• analyzing the influence of major products of Roman culture on later cultures, including U.S. culture

Objective 0010: Understand the practices and perspectives of Roman culture.

For example:

• demonstrating knowledge of characteristic features of daily life and customs in Roman culture
• demonstrating knowledge of major Roman festivals and holidays, including the practices associated with these festivals and holidays
• demonstrating knowledge of major cultural institutions and practices (e.g., educational systems, patterns of work and leisure) of Roman culture and ways in which they reflect the perspectives of Roman culture
• analyzing the influence of major practices of Roman culture on later cultures, including U.S. culture

Second-Language Acquisition and Instruction

Objective 0011: Understand major concepts related to child and adolescent development and second-language acquisition.

For example:

• understanding major concepts and stages of child and adolescent development
• understanding major theories of second-language acquisition and their applicability in supporting students' language development
• recognizing the individuality of language learners in the language classroom and the importance of supporting the linguistic and cognitive development of all students
• demonstrating knowledge of principles of equity, diversity, and fairness as they relate to language instruction

Objective 0012: Demonstrate knowledge of principles of instruction and assessment.

For example:

• demonstrating knowledge of a variety of instructional strategies and practices for promoting the development of students' interpersonal, interpretative, and presentational communication skills and cultural knowledge
• demonstrating knowledge of strategies for differentiating instruction to meet the needs of all students
• identifying ways in which to articulate curricula and instruction to ensure a sequence of age-appropriate learning experiences
• demonstrating knowledge of current national standards and proficiency guidelines for classical language learners
• demonstrating knowledge of a variety of assessment strategies that address interpersonal, interpretative, and presentational communication and that encompass the skills of reading, writing, listening, and speaking
• demonstrating knowledge of strategies for using assessment results to monitor student learning, encourage student reflection, report student progress, and shape instruction
• identifying ways in which to modify assessments to meet the needs of all students

Objective 0013: Demonstrate knowledge of strategies for promoting language learning within and beyond the classroom.

For example:

• demonstrating knowledge of strategies for creating an inclusive classroom environment that promotes the development of all students
• demonstrating knowledge of strategies for selecting a variety of age-appropriate resources (e.g., books, technology, realia) to meet the linguistic and cultural needs of all students and foster critical and creative thinking within the classroom
• recognizing the language teacher's role as an advocate for language learning within and beyond the school environment
• demonstrating knowledge of strategies for creating connections with students' families and communities and promoting lifelong language learning beyond the classroom
• recognizing the value of professional growth and reflective practices for the continued development of professional, linguistic, and cultural knowledge
• demonstrating knowledge of strategies for identifying and using opportunities for professional growth (e.g., joining professional organizations, reading professional journals, attending conferences)

Written Expression

Objective 0014: Demonstrate Latin writing skills by translating English sentences or short passages into grammatically accurate and appropriate Latin.

For example:

• translating English sentences or short passages that express obligation or necessity
• translating English sentences or short passages that express purpose or result
• translating English sentences or short passages that contain subordinate clauses
• translating English sentences or short passages that contain direct or indirect discourse
• translating English sentences or short passages that contain time expressions

Oral Reading

Objective 0015: Read aloud a passage of Latin prose or poetry with appropriate pronunciation and phrasing.

For example:

• reading aloud a passage of Latin prose with attention to phrasing and pronunciation
• reading aloud a passage of Latin poetry with attention to phrasing, pronunciation, and metrical expression