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Descriptive Statements:
- Apply knowledge of mechanical principles (e.g., force, work, power) and mechanical systems (e.g., levers, pulleys, gears) of agricultural power equipment.
- Calculate basic units of agriculture related to production (e.g., right triangles, Pythagorean theorem, scaling up or down, slope), including international system (SI) and imperial units (e.g., cords, acres, gallons per minute, pounds per square inch [PSI]).
- Demonstrate knowledge of types, characteristics, components, and uses of agricultural equipment (e.g., combines, swathers, mowers, balers, chainsaws, skidders, drills, handheld equipment).
- Demonstrate knowledge of types (e.g., two-stroke cycle, four-stroke cycle, diesel), characteristics, components (e.g., crankshaft, camshaft, carburetor), and principles of operation of internal combustion engines and related power systems (e.g., power take-offs).
- Apply knowledge of principles, tools, and methods for maintaining, servicing, and repairing agricultural power equipment.
- Apply knowledge of principles and practices for the safe operation and maintenance of agricultural power equipment and machinery, including understanding personal protection equipment (PPE).
- Demonstrate knowledge of basic principles of hydraulics (e.g., noncompressible fluids) and electricity and the types, characteristics, components, operating principles, and uses of electrical and hydraulic systems used in agricultural power equipment.
Sample Item:
How many cubic feet are in a cord of firewood?
- 36
- 64
- 128
- 156
Correct Response and Explanation (Show Correct ResponseHide Correct Response)
C. Large quantities of firewood are sold using a unit called a cord. One cord of firewood is equal to 128 cubic feet of dry, compactly stacked wood.
Descriptive Statements:
- Apply knowledge of principles of building design and basic project, planning, and measurement skills (e.g., selecting sites, estimating costs, interpreting blueprints, installing ventilation systems) to the construction of agricultural structures.
- Demonstrate knowledge of basic construction principles and the techniques, methods, materials, tools, and equipment used in the construction of agricultural structures.
- Apply knowledge of the properties and agricultural uses of commonly used metals, basic principles, techniques, HVAC, and tools used for metal fabrication (e.g., cutting, drilling, shaping, joining) and procedures to ensure safety in metal fabrication.
- Apply knowledge of basic principles, techniques, materials, and tools used in carpentry, woodworking, and finishing and procedures to ensure safety when engaging in these tasks.
- Demonstrate knowledge of basic principles, techniques, materials, and tools used in the installation and maintenance of electrical systems in agricultural structures, including the design, components, and operation of electrical circuits and devices (e.g., motors, batteries, sensors, wiring, control and safety devices).
- Demonstrate knowledge of basic plumbing methods, tools, and materials and the types, components, uses, and the advantages and disadvantages of irrigation systems used in agricultural systems.
- Demonstrate knowledge of applications of technology in agricultural production (e.g., precision farming, environmental control in greenhouses and other facilities, formulating rations) and of technological systems (e.g., remote sensing, laser-guided tilling, geographic information systems [GIS]) used to accomplish these applications.
- Demonstrate knowledge of applications of biotechnology in agriculture (e.g., herbicide resistance, increased milk production, increased growth rates of salmon); principles, methods, and techniques used in biotechnology; and social, economic, and environmental issues concerning the use of biotechnology in agriculture.
Sample Item:
Which of the following statements best describes a benefit of adopting precision farming methods?
- planting disease-resistant hybrid and genetically engineered varieties of crops leads to higher yields
- analyzing market variables such as price, supply, and demand to maximize profits through better decisions
- reducing inputs of fertilizer, water, pesticides, and herbicides to maintain or increase yields
- replacing mechanical methods of planting and harvesting to save money by using labor-intensive methods
Correct Response and Explanation (Show Correct ResponseHide Correct Response)
C. Precision farming methods use tools to monitor variability in cultivated fields, allowing farmers to target interventions only when and where they are needed. Rather than using the same amount of fertilizer, water, pesticides, or herbicides on an entire field, the farmer gains the data to reduce the total amount of necessary inputs without sacrificing yields.
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